History of England, Vol. VII.
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History of England, Vol. VII.
1629–1635
Samuel
Rawson
Gardiner
This document is in the public domain.
Table of Contents
Note on the Text
Chapter LXVI.
Preparations For a Parliamentary Session.
Prospects of the session
The King’s appeal to the judges at the close of the last session
Resistance to the payment of tonnage and poundage
Committal of Chambers
Star Chamber proceedings against Chambers
Rolle attempts to regain his goods by a replevin
Charles hopes to obtain a Parliamentary settlement of the dispute
Ecclesiastical questions
Promotion of Montague and Manwaring
Cosin and Neile
Cosin’s
Book of Devotions
Burton and Prynne
Prynne’s attack on Cosin
Difficulty of enforcing the Elizabethan compromise about the position of the communion-table
Conflict at Grantham
Decision of Bishop Williams
Heath’s letter to Montague
Charles and Laud on dogmatic controversy
The King’s declaration on religion
Abbot restored to favour
Wentworth’s speech at York
Wentworth’s political position
Fresh disturbances about tonnage and poundage
Parliamentary prospects
Chapter LXVII.
The Session of 1629.
Opening of the session
Alleged violation of the Petition of Right
Case of Rolle’s privilege
The King’s speech
The Bill for tonnage and poundage postponed
Rouse’s speech on religion
Committee on religion
Eliot’s speech on religion
Position taken by the Commons
Resolution of the Commons
Eliot proposes to take the aggressive
Montague’s bishopric questioned
The Durham ceremonialists
Smart’s sermon
Cosin on the Royal supremacy
The pardons for Montague and others questioned
Attack on the Article relating to the authority of the Church
Charges against Heath and Neile
Selden’s position in the House
He speaks in favour of liberty of the press
Oliver Cromwell’s early life
His first speech in Parliament
Charges against the ceremonialists
The Jesuits’ college at Clerkenwell
Tonnage and poundage again discussed
Eliot advises an attack on the farmers of the customs
Suggestions of Noy and Selden
The Court of Exchequer rejects the dictation of the Commons
Eliot refuses to accept Pym’s warning
The House follows Eliot
Intervention of the King
The resolutions on religion
Attempts to avert a rupture
Eliot resolves to appeal to the country
The Speaker held down in his chair
The Speaker refuses to allow Eliot’s resolutions to be read
Renewed appeal to the Speaker to put the question
Eliot proposes to impeach Weston
Continued excitement in the House
Holles reads the resolutions
The House adjourns after passing the resolutions
Chapter LXVIII.
Privilege of Parliament Before the Judges.
Dissolution of Parliament and imprisonment of members
The King’s Declaration
Examination of the prisoners
Antagonism between Charles and Eliot
Tonnage and poundage exacted
Stoppage of trade
Chambers in the Star Chamber
Opinion of the judges on the case of the imprisoned members
Dissatisfaction of Charles
The prisoners apply for a
Habeas Corpus
The Attorney-General’s information in the Star Chamber
The prisoners demand bail
The judges consult the King
Charles does not produce the prisoners
Charles’s treatment of the judges
Foreign policy of Charles
The Edict of Restitution in Germany
French intervention in Italy
The Treaty of Susa between England and France
The Peace of Lübeck and Rohan’s rebellion
Rubens in England
Roe’s mission to the Baltic
Charles listens to overtures from Spain
Weston and his antagonists
Relations between Charles and the Queen
Progress of the negotiation with Spain
The Star Chamber prosecution dropped
Question of bailing the prisoners before the judges
The prisoners refuse to be bound to good behaviour
Conduct of Chief Baron Walter
Suspension of the Chief Baron
Chambers’s case in the Exchequer
Eliot in the Marshalsea
The Attorney-General’s information in the King’s Bench
The prisoners deny the jurisdiction of the court
The judges claim jurisdiction
Judgment pronounced
Eliot’s imprisonment
Eliot in advance of his time
Chapter LXIX.
Laud, Wentworth, and Weston.
The judges and the Petition of Right
Laud’s views on toleration
His estimate of the value of external influences on conduct
His support of the Royal authority
He becomes the centre of the opposition to Puritanism
Sentence on Peter Smart
Suppression of unlicensed books and enforcement of conformity
The lecturers
The King’s instructions
Prohibition of controversy
Laud Chancellor of the University of Oxford
Wentworth at York
Character of his Royalism
He regards himself as the maintainer of the old constitution
Sir R. Dudley’s paper of advice gets into circulation
Prosecution of those who circulated it put an end to in consequence of the birth of a prince
Death of Sir R. Cotton
The Puritans regret the birth of a prince
Alexander Leighton
Sion’s Plea against Prelacy
Arrest of Leighton
Political Presbyterianism
Leighton sentenced in the Star Chamber
Execution of the sentence
Laud’s alliance with Wentworth
John Winthrop’s early life
He resolves to emigrate to New England
Early settlement in Massachusetts
Transference of the Massachusetts charter to America
Winthrop sails for America
Ecclesiastical and political system of Massachusetts
Toleration rejected in England and America
Cosin’s sermon on the peace of Jerusalem
Wentworth in the Privy Council
Attempt of the Council to restrict the ravages of the plague
Proclamation against new buildings
Measures taken to avert famine
Commission for the relief of debtors
Commission for the relief of the poor
Cromwell’s objections to the new charter of Huntingdon
Weston’s financial difficulties
Compositions for knighthood
Enforcement of tonnage and poundage
Chapter LXX.
Futile Diplomacy.
Domestic and foreign policy of Charles
Vane’s mission to the Hague
Coloma’s reception in England
Opening of Cottington’s negotiation at Madrid
Proposed league with Spain against the Dutch
Anstruther’s mission to the Emperor
Dismissal of Wallenstein and landing of Gustavus
The Treaty of Madrid between England and Spain
Secret treaty with Spain for the partition of the Dutch territories
Money convoyed to the Spanish Netherlands
Hamilton levies volunteers for Gustavus
The Treaty of Bärwalde and the storming of Magdeburg
Fatality of the career of Olivares
Anstruther at Vienna
Lord Reay’s charge against Hamilton
Hamilton is allowed to sail
Richelieu’s overtures to Weston
Escape of Mary de Medicis to the Netherlands
Quarrel between Henrietta Maria and the French ambassador
Failure of Anstruther’s mission
Vane’s mission to Gustavus
The battle of Breitenfeld
Vane’s interview with Gustavus
Charles offers aid to the Emperor
Hamilton’s misfortunes
Eliot in prison
Eliot’s last word on politics
Charles receives the demands of Gustavus
Further negotiation with Gustavus
Gustavus and Richelieu
Charles meets Gustavus with counter-propositions
Fresh Swedish victories
Charles negotiates with France
Advance of the French
Roe’s political advice
Windebank Secretary of State
Massinger’s political plays
Jerome Weston’s mission
Gustavus rejects Charles’s propositions
Failure of Charles’s diplomacy
Gustavus at Nuremberg
Death of Gustavus at Lützen, and of Frederick at Bacharach
Boast of material prosperity in England
Discontent in the Spanish Netherlands
The nobles ask for Charles’s support
Meeting of the States-General at Brussels
Charles offers to protect them
Defeat of Montmorency
Richelieu seeks a Dutch alliance
Charles hesitates between France and Spain
Richelieu’s offers to the Dutch
Anstruther sent to offer assistance to the Swedes
Weston created Earl of Portland
The Queen’s letter intercepted
Quarrel between the Queen’s Court and the Westons
Understanding between Richelieu and Portland
Chapter LXXI.
Divergent Tendencies In Politics And Religion.
The lawyers rally round the Government
Views of the antiquaries
Eliot’s
Monarchy of Man
His last days and death
Charles refuses leave to transport Eliot’s body to Port Eliot
Wentworth in the North
He is insulted by Bellasys
Bellasys makes his submission
Case of Sir David Foulis
Lord Eure’s resistance overcome
Wentworth vindicates his authority
His struggle against the influences of wealth and position
Sentence on Foulis
Conflict of jurisdictions
Wentworth leaves the North
The Government and the country gentlemen
Laud’s activity as Bishop of London
Bowing in church
The consecration of St. Catherine Cree
Laud’s buildings at St. John’s
The repair of St. Paul’s
Controversy between Prynne and Widdowes
Party feeling at Oxford
Laud and the Puritan clergy
Bernard’s sermon at Cambridge
Matrimonial cases in the High Commission
Antinomians and Separatists
Case of John Vicars
Sherfield at Salisbury
The Bishop objects to the removal of a painted window
Sherfield breaks the window
Sherfield’s trial and sentence in the Star Chamber
The feoffees for impropriations dissolved
William Gouge
Richard Sibbes
Nicholas Ferrar
George Herbert
John Milton
Milton not yet hostile to the Church
The disruption of the nation yet incomplete
Chapter LXXII.
The King’s Visit To Scotland.
Enforcement of the Articles of Perth
The Articles confirmed by Parliament
Church property in the hands of the nobles
Charles’s Act of Revocation
Charles offers compensation and partially suspends the Articles
A compromise effected
Impending conflict between the Crown and the nobility
The King’s coronation at Edinburgh
Question of introducing a new Prayer-book discussed
Position of the Scottish bishops
Ceremonies observed at the coronation
Meeting of the Scottish Parliament
Difficulties thrown in the way of opposition by the constitution of the Parliament
Ceremonialism in Edinburgh
The Bills proposed by the Government accepted
The introduction of the new Prayer-book postponed
Constitution of the bishopric of Edinburgh
The old and new bishops
Charles and the Opposition lords
The Supplication
Constitutional reforms demanded
Balmerino tried and sentenced
Appeal of Drummond of Hawthornden
Balmerino pardoned
Hamilton in favour
Spottiswoode chancellor
Chapter LXXIII.
The Beginning Of Laud’s Archbishopric.
Laud named Archbishop
Abbot’s last report
A Cardinal’s hat offered to Laud
Cases of Ludowick Bowyer and Lady Eleanor Davies
Restriction on ordinations
Lecturers and chaplains
Laud’s opposition to the influence of the laity in the Church
His view of the Royal authority in the Church
State of St. Paul’s
The chapel at Lambeth
Williams’s directions about the communion-table at Leicester
The communion-table at St. Gregory’s
Complaint of the parishioners
The King’s decision
The English churches on the Continent
Chaplains in the English regiments in the Netherlands
Increase of emigration to Massachusetts
Order forbidding emigration issued and rescinded
The Puritan Sabbath and the Somersetshire Wakes
Laud’s interference with Richardson’s order prohibiting them
Report of Bishop Pierce
Republication of the
Declaration of Sports
Order that the
Declaration of Sports
be read in churches
Belief in witchcraft
The Lancashire witches
Stories of Margaret Johnson, of Frances Dicconson, and of Mary Spencer
The Lancashire witches on the stage
Immorality of the stage
Prynne’s
Histriomastix
The Inns of Court masque
Shirley’s
Gamester
Star Chamber proceedings against Prynne
Prynne’s sentence
His second appearance in the Star Chamber
Milton’s
Comus
Women of Milton and Massinger
Society of the Court
Case of Henry Jermyn
Protestantism of the women of England
Chapter LXXIV.
The First Writ Of Ship-Money.
The League of Heilbronn.
A Benevolence proposed by Nethersole
The negotiation in the Netherlands
Proposed revolution in the Spanish Netherlands
Charles offers to support it
He is betrayed by Gerbier
The French in Alsace
Importance of Dunkirk to England
Overtures of Spain
Disgrace of Nethersole
Charles’s offers to Spain
Assassination of Wallenstein
Union between the two branches of the House of Austria
Reception at Madrid of Charles’s overtures
Attack made by Laud and Coventry on Portland
Ship-money from the port-towns suggested by Noy
Charles’s proposed alliance with Spain concealed from the Council
He sets forth his need of a fleet to maintain his sovereignty of the seas
Deaths of Noy and Sir Edward Coke
Seizure of Coke’s papers
Dismissal of Chief Justice Heath
Holland’s ‘justice seat’ in the Forest of Dean
The ‘justice seat’ in Waltham Forest
Legal character of Charles’s absolutism
Continued negotiation with Necolalde
The secret treaty with Spain
Pretexts for its concealment
Issue of the ship-money writs
The battle of Nördlingen
Charles’s advice to his sister
The French in Germany
The London petition against ship-money
Submission of the City
Portland’s finance
His illness and death
The Treasury Commission
Charles urges Spain to conclude the treaty
Treaty between France and the States-General
The Spanish Government agrees to the proposed treaty
In consequence of the outbreak of war between France and Spain, the treaty is left unsigned
The Earl of Lindsey sails in command of the fleet
He finds no enemy
Failure of the French attack on the Spanish Netherlands
The Peace of Prague
Lindsey returns to the Downs
Dutch breaches of neutrality
Difficulties of Charles’s situation