History of England, Vol. II.
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History of England, Vol. II.
1607–1616
Samuel
Rawson
Gardiner
This document is in the public domain.
Table of Contents
Note on the Text
Chapter XI.
The New Impositions and the Truce of Antwerp.
Financial difficulties
The Levant Company
Imposition on currants
Bate resists payment
Bate’s case in the Court of Exchequer
Salisbury becomes Lord Treasurer
The new impositions
The debt and the deficit
Entail of the Crown lands
Banishment of the priests
Paul V.
The Pope condemns the oath of allegiance
Sufferings of the Catholics
The Pope again condemns the oath of allegiance
Negotiations for a peace in the Netherlands
English diplomacy
James’s view of the negotiations
Opening of the conferences at the Hague
Spanish intrigues
League between England and the States
The Truce of Antwerp
Church difficulties in Scotland
Balmerino detected in obtaining surreptitiously the King’s signature
Balmerino’s trial and sentence
James appeals to Europe against the Pope
Chapter XII.
The Prohibitions and the Colonisation of Virginia.
Coke on the Bench
Fuller’s case
Coke’s conflict with the King
Fuller’s submission and release
Dispute between Coke and Bancroft
The question of prohibitions discussed before the King
Rise of Robert Carr
Raleigh loses the manor of Sherborne
Sherborne granted to Carr
Value of the estate
Early attempts to colonise Virginia
The first Virginian charter
Landing of the first colony
Smith’s adventures
Smith elected president
The new charter
Lord De la Warr appointed governor
Smith returns to England
Arrival of De la Warr and Gates
Administration of Dale
Chapter XIII.
The Great Contract.
Parliament summoned
Opening of the session
Salisbury’s financial proposals
Cowell’s
Interpreter
Bacon’s speech on tenures
Offer of the Commons
The Commons forbidden by the King to complain of the Impositions
Excitement in the Commons
The King gives way
Prince Henry created Prince of Wales
Salisbury bargains with the Commons
The debate on the Impositions
The Commons almost unanimous against the Crown
The Bill on Impositions
The Great Contract concluded
The King’s reply to the Petition of Grievances
Prorogation of Parliament
Chapter XIV.
The Breach with the Commons.
The Peace of Augsburg
The Catholic reaction
Parties in Germany
The Protestant Union
The Catholic League
The succession of Cleves and Juliers
Strife between the pretenders
Interference of foreign powers
Projects of Henry IV.
Murder of Henry IV.
English and French intervention in the Duchies
Surrender of Juliers
Treaty between England and France
Prospects of Episcopacy in Scotland
The Assembly of Glasgow introduces Episcopacy
Consecration of Bishops
Opinion of the judges on the King’s right to issue proclamations
Opening of a new session of Parliament
The Great Contract discussed
Abandonment of the Great Contract
Resistance to a demand for a supply
Dissolution of Parliament
Commencement of the quarrel between the King and the Commons
Carr made Viscount Rochester
The Baronets
Case of Arabella Stuart
Her escape and recapture
Case of the Countess of Shrewsbury
Death of Bancroft
Expectation that he will be succeeded by Andrews
Abbot becomes Archbishop
Chancey’s case in the High Commission Court
Abbot appeals to the Council against Coke
Abbot and Laud at Oxford
Theories of Laud
Laud becomes President of St. John’s
Controversy between James and Vorstius
Proceedings against Legate and Wightman
Legate and Wightman burnt
Lord Sanquhar’s case
Execution of Lord Sanquhar
Chapter XV.
Foreign Alliances.
Salisbury joins the opponents of Spain
English merchants ill-treated in Spain
Marriages proposed for the Princess Elizabeth
Digby ordered to ask for the Infanta Anne for the Prince of Wales
Breach of the negotiation with Spain
Proposals from Tuscany
The Elector Palatine accepted for the Princess Elizabeth
Illness of Salisbury
Salisbury’s death
Estimate of his career
The Treasury put in commission
Candidates for the Secretaryship
James resolves to be his own secretary
Digby advocates the claims of the merchants in Spain
Zuñiga’s mission
The Elector Palatine in England
Marriages proposed for the Prince
A French alliance suggested
Illness of the Prince
Death of the Prince
Northampton’s slanderers fined
Betrothal of the Princess Elizabeth
Marriage of the Princess Elizabeth
League between the States and the Union
James at the head of the Protestant Alliance
Dissatisfaction of the Spanish Government
Sarmiento sent as ambassador to England
Chapter XVI.
The Essex Divorce.
Marriage of the Earl of Essex
Conduct of Lady Essex
She thinks of procuring a divorce
A Commission appointed to try the case
Abbot’s letter to the King
Sentence in favour of the divorce
Conduct of James and Andrewes
Unpopularity of the sentence
Overbury’s connection with Rochester
Overbury opposes the divorce
Overbury sent to the Tower
Schemes of Northampton and Rochester
A conspiracy to poison Overbury
Overbury’s death
The Navy Commission
Whitelocke’s argument against it
Mansell and Whitelocke charged before the Council
Bacon’s theory of government
Sir J. Cæsar’s report on the Exchequer
Efforts to improve the revenue
Necessity of summoning Parliament
Neville’s advice
Bacon’s advice
Bacon recommends that Coke be made Chief Justice of the King’s Bench
Coke’s penal promotion
Rochester marries Lady Essex, and is created Earl of Somerset
Star Chamber decree against duels
Sutton’s Hospital
The water supply of London
The New River completed
Chapter XVII.
The Addled Parliament.
Digby discovers the Spanish pensions
Sarmiento’s diplomacy
James’s foreign policy
Affair of Donna Luisa de Carvajal
Position of the negotiations with France
The pensioners of Spain
Cottington urges Sarmiento to propose a Spanish marriage
James decides on summoning Parliament
The Undertakers
The elections
Necessity of choosing a Secretary
Appointment of Winwood
Opening of the session
Supply and grievances
Impositions and monopolies
Debate on the Impositions
The Lords refuse to confer
The Commons excited by Bishop Neile’s speech
The King intervenes
The Bishop excuses himself
The Commons demand his punishment
Northampton foments the quarrel
Dissolution of Parliament
Imprisonment of members
James complains to Sarmiento
The Spanish marriage proposed
Sarmiento’s plans
Discussions in Spain on the marriage
Digby’s mission
His advice on the Spanish marriage
Chapter XVIII.
The Benevolence and the Irish Parliament.
Death of Northampton
Suffolk appointed Lord Treasurer
Somerset becomes Lord Chamberlain
A Benevolence offered
Appeal to the country for money
The Duchies of Cleves and Juliers
Spinola and Maurice invade the Duchies
The payment of the Benevolence urged
General disinclination to pay
Deputations summoned to London
Payment under pressure
Letter of Oliver St. John
Bacon prosecutes him in the Star Chamber
His sentence
Raleigh’s
Prerogative of Parliaments
Peacham’s seditious writings
Peacham is committed to the Tower
Torture inflicted on Peacham
The judges consulted separately on the nature of his offence
Coke’s opinion
Position assumed by Coke
Peacham brings false charges against his neighbors
Peacham’s trial and conviction
Irish grievances
Proposal of summoning an Irish Parliament
The new constituencies
Alarm of the Catholics
Proposed legislation against priests and Jesuits
Petition of the Lords of the Pale
Protest of the Catholic Lords
Opening of Parliament
Struggle in the House of Commons over the election of a Speaker
Deputation to the King
Talbot questioned
Commissioners sent to investigate grievances
The King’s decision
Chichester instructed to carry out the laws against recusants
Withdrawal of the Bill against priests and Jesuits
The Irish Parliament at work
Irish complaints
Dissolution of Parliament and recall of Chichester
Chapter XIX.
The Opposition to Somerset.
Owen’s case
Building fines
The Brewers
The Treaty of Xanten
The whale fishery and the East India trade
Early history of the East India company
Roe’s embassy
Rivalry between the English and the Dutch in the East
Negotiations at the Hague
The French marriage treaty
The French States-General
Sarmiento hopes that the Prince will visit Madrid
Digby’s negotiations at Madrid
First appearance of Villiers at Court
Somerset’s behaviour to the King
The King’s visit to Cambridge
Cotton’s negotiation with Sarmiento
Intrigues against Somerset
Villiers made Gentleman of the Bedchamber
The articles of the Spanish marriage treaty sent to James
James hesitates to accept them
The articles accepted as the basis of the negotiation
Somerset is to conduct the negotiation
Somerset’s dissatisfaction with the King
The Chancellor refuses to pass his pardon
James orders the Chancellor to seal it, but neglects to enforce his command
Chapter XX.
The Fall of Somerset.
Winwood informed of Overbury’s murder
Confession of Helwys
Weston’s confession
Commissioners appointed to investigate the affair
Somerset’s behaviour
James refuses to interfere
Trial of Weston
Proceedings in the Star Chamber
Trials of Mrs. Turner and Helwys
Trial of Franklin
Sir Thomas Monson’s trial postponed
Information extracted from Cotton on Somerset’s relations with Sarmiento
The Earl and Countess of Somerset indicted
Bacon’s conduct in the affair
Somerset threatens to accuse the King
Trial of the Countess of Somerset
Trial of the Earl of Somerset
The Countess pardoned
Somerset’s life spared
Sir Thomas Monson pardoned
Chapter XXI.
Two Foreign Policies.
Discussion in the Privy Council on the summoning of Parliament
Bacon encourages James to call a Parliament
James resolves to proceed with the Spanish marriage
The design of summoning Parliament abandoned
Raleigh’s early projects
El Dorado
Raleigh’s first voyage to Guiana
The gold mine on the Orinoco
Raleigh’s return
Voyage of Keymis to Guiana
Explorations of Leigh and Harcourt
Raleigh’s imprisonment
Raleigh proposes to send Keymis to Guiana
Raleigh released from the Tower
Treaty for the surrender of the Cautionary Towns
The cloth manufactory
Cockaine’s proposals
The new company
Distress in the clothing districts
Bacon’s proposals
James resolves to break off the negotiation for a French marriage
Hay’s mission to Paris
Embarrassment of James
Sale of peerages
Hay’s negotiation
The French marriage broken off
Carleton in Holland
The Dutch decline to execute the Treaty of Xanten