History of England, Vol. IV
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History of England, Vol. IV
1621–1623
Samuel
Rawson
Gardiner
This document is in the public domain.
Table of Contents
Note on the Text
Chapter XXXIII.
The Monopolies.
Monopolies complained of
The patent for inns
The patent for alehouses
Theories prevailing at the time on the subject of monopolies
Patent for the bringing to London of fresh salmon and lobsters
Patents for the manufacture of glass
Patents for the manufacture of gold and silver thread
The manufacture taken into the King’s hands
Bacon advises the withdrawal of the patents
Profits of the courtiers
Disgrace of Yelverton
Legal promotions
Opening of Parliament
James’s conversation with Gondomar
The first debate in the House of Commons
Usher’s sermon
Petition against recusants
The report of the Council of War laid before the House
Grant of two subsidies
Proposed legislation on the Sabbath
The King’s answer to the petition against recusants
Foreign policy of the Commons
The King’s position towards the Lower House
The old and new Peers
Complaints of the Peers against the Scotch and Irish Lords
Discussion of grievances in the House of Commons
Coke’s position in the House
The patents for inns and alehouses attacked
Sir F. Michell and Sir G. Mompesson questioned
Jurisdiction claimed by the Commons
Escape of Mompesson
Buckingham throws the blame on the referees
Cranfield calls for further investigation
Inquiry into the patent for gold and silver thread
The Commons wish to call the referees to account
The King resists inquiry
Charges brought against the referees
Advice of Williams
Buckingham declares against the monopolists
The Commons abandon their attack on the referees
Chapter XXXIV.
The Fall of Lord Chancellor Bacon.
Delinquencies of the registrars in Chancery
Complaint against Bills of Conformity
Bacon charged by Aubrey with bribery
And by Edward Egerton
Feeling of the House
The charges sent up to the Lords
Bacon appeals to Buckingham
The King proposes to take the case into his own hands
Opposition of the Commons to the proposal
James relinquishes his plan
Lady Wharton’s case
Opinion of the day on the subject of fees and gratuities
How far was Bacon morally guilty?
Further charges against Bacon
Bacon’s letter to the King
The King’s speech to the Houses
Sentence pronounced against Mompesson
The patents cancelled
Buckingham advocates a dissolution
Bacon's opinion on his own case
Bacon’s interview with the King
The Lords carry on the investigation
Bacon again writes to the King
He relinquishes his defence
He makes submission to the Lords
The Lords are not satisfied
Bacon’s comments on the charges against him
He acknowledges corruption
He surrenders the Great Seal
His sentence
Bacon’s character and political opinions
Chapter XXXV.
The Jurisdiction of Parliament.
Sentence on Sir F. Michell
Charge against Sir J. Bennett
The Bill for Chancery Reform
The Commons incur the King’s displeasure by condemning the patent for alehouses
Yelverton provokes the King
Yelverton attacks Buckingham
The Lords irritate the King by their leniency towards Yelverton
Quarrel between Arundel and Spencer
Sentence on Yelverton
Arundel committed to the Tower
Liberty of speech little respected
Gondomar insulted
Floyd insults Frederick and Elizabeth
Violent language used in the Commons
The Commons sentence Floyd
Objections of the King
The Commons having withdrawn their claim to punish Floyd, he is sentenced by the Lords
Jurisdiction of the House of Lords in political trials
Cases of Bishop Field and Sir J. Bennett
Several patents condemned by the Commons
The King directs an adjournment
Dissatisfaction of the Commons
The last sitting before the adjournment
Declaration in favour of the Elector Palatine
Review of the first part of the session
Bacon’s imprisonment and release
Williams becomes Lord Keeper and Bishop of Lincoln
General liberation of prisoners
Laud becomes Bishop of St. Davids
Abbot’s accidental homicide
Cranfield raised to the peerage
Proclamation against monopolies
Chapter XXXVI.
The Voyage of the ‘Mayflower.’
The early Separatists
Their unpopularity and persecution
Internal disputes in their congregation at Amsterdam
Emigration of the Gainsborough congregation
Clifton, Bradford, and Brewster
Clifton ejected
Robinson at Norwich
The congregation at Scrooby
Their determination to emigrate
Their escape to Amsterdam
Their removal to Leyden
Influence of Robinson
The emigrants are dissatisfied with Leyden
They determine to go to America
Negotiations in England
The patent from the Virginia Company
The departure from Holland
The departure from England
The voyage across the Atlantic
The emigrants agree to form a Government
Carver chosen Governor
Exploration of Cape Cod
Exploration of the mainland
The landing at Plymouth
Building of a village
Sickness among the settlers
Bradford elected Governor
Prospects of toleration in England
The Liberal statesmen and the Puritans
Chapter XXXVII.
The Dissolution of the Union.
Germany after the battle of Prague
Weakness of the Elector of Saxony
Frederick persists in his claims to Bohemia
He leaves Silesia
The ban pronounced against him
Mission of Sir E. Villiers
The Assembly of Segeberg
Mission of Sir R. Anstruther
Frederick refuses to go to the Palatinate
Elizabeth forbidden to visit England
Frederick at the Hague
Morton at Heilbronn
Dutch Commissioners in England
The expiration of the Truce of Antwerp
Intrigues of the Prince of Orange
Renewal of the war
Digby’s mission to Brussels
Death of Philip III.
Accession of Philip IV.
The dissolution of the Union
Frederick persists in opposition
Proposed transference of the Electorate
Application of Frederick to James
Character of Mansfeld
Soldiers of the Thirty Years’ War
Mansfeld appointed to command Frederick’s forces in Bohemia
Mansfeld at Waidhausen
Chapter XXXVIII.
Lord Digby’s Mission to Vienna.
Digby’s instructions
Character of James’s intervention
Behaviour of Mansfeld and Jägerndorf
Digby’s proposals at Vienna
Ferdinand’s hesitation
Ferdinand determines to treat
Policy of the new Spanish Government
Spinola ordered to aid the Duke of Bavaria
Death of the Archduke Albert
Conduct of Frederick
Frederick in the Dutch camp
Digby’s opinion of the crisis
Vere in the Lower Palatinate
Digby’s complaints
Digby leaves Vienna
Invasion of the Upper Palatinate
Mansfeld’s intrigues
Conquest of the Upper Palatinate
The Electorate secretly conferred on Maximilian
Objections of Spain
Mission of Villiers to the Hague
Digby at Heidelberg
Mansfeld in the Lower Palatinate
Mansell at Algiers
The blockade of the Flemish ports
Buckingham hostile to the Dutch
Mandeville resigns the Treasurership
Cranfield becomes Lord Treasurer
Parliament summoned
Lafuente’s mission to Rome
Chapter XXXIX.
The Dissolution of 1621.
Speeches of Williams and Digby
Speech of Cranfield
Debate in the Commons
Resolution of the House
Pym’s speech on religion
Pym’s political position
Effect of the Spanish alliance on English domestic politics
The petition on religion
Gondomar appeals to the King
The King’s intervention
Explanatory petition of the Commons
The Commons’ deputation to the King
The King’s answer
Debate on the King’s answer
Precedents on freedom of speech
The House unanimous in its defence
The King’s letter to Calvert
The King offers to relinquish a subsidy
Protestation of the Commons
The last sitting
The King destroys the Protestation
Gondomar’s triumph
Imprisonment of members and dissolution of Parliament
James defends his conduct
Digby’s vexation
Chapter XL.
The War in the Lower Palatinate.
Gondomar’s plan for breaking the blockade of the Flemish ports
Dutch Commissioners in England
Proposed attack on the Netherlands
The Earl of Oxford sent out to seize Dutch ships
Oxford imprisoned
The bargain for York House
Buckingham’s reconciliation with the Howards
Conference between Fisher and White
Conference between Fisher and Laud
Laud gains influence over Buckingham
Laud’s opinion on religious liberty
Visit of Archbishop De Dominis to England
His return to Rome
Difficulties in the way of toleration
Quarrel between Sir E. Herbert and Luynes
Doncaster’s mission to France
Comparison between James’s intervention in France and Germany
The Impositions increased and a Benevolence demanded
Unpopularity of James
“Tom Tell-truth”
Burning of Pareus’s Commentaries
James requires Frederick to renounce the crown of Bohemia
He learns that Ferdinand intends to transfer the Electorate to Maximilian
Condition of Mansfeld’s army
Conduct of Christian of Brunswick
Chichester’s mission to the Palatinate
Schwarzenberg in England
Gondomar allowed to levy English volunteers
Tilly in the Palatinate
Frederick joins Mansfeld
Mansfeld takes the field
The Battle of Wimpfen
Weston opens negotiations at Brussels
Position of Frederick
He attacks Darmstadt
Imprisonment of the Landgrave of Darmstadt
Chichester’s despondent views of Frederick’s position
He attempts in vain to negotiate an armistice
Battle of Höchst
Frederick leaves the Palatinate
Vere’s position
Progress of the conference at Brussels
Frederick in Alsace
He leaves Mansfeld’s army
Chapter XLI.
Fresh Efforts of Diplomacy.
Weston presses for a suspension of arms
Projected assembly of German Princes at Ratisbon
Hopelessness of Frederick’s cause
The Spanish Government desires peace
Its plan for the settlement of Germany
Digby returns to Spain
Policy of Zuñiga
Character of Philip IV.
Difference of opinion between Zuñiga and the Council of State
Assurances given to Digby
Gondomar returns to Spain
Digby is satisfied with the language of the Spanish ministers
Proposed sequestration of the towns in the Palatinate
Mansfeld in Lorraine
Ferdinand throws the blame for the continuance of the war on Frederick
Weston makes a fresh proposition
Mansfeld marches to join the Dutch
Battle of Fleurus
Weston again presses for a suspension of arms
Weston’s recall
English opinion on the German war
James’s directions to preachers
New invigoration of Puritanism
Release of prisoners
Arrival of Gage from Rome
Instructions given him by the Cardinals
James complains of Spain
Buckingham expostulates with Gondomar
Failure of James’s foreign and domestic policy
The fall of Heidelberg
Commencement of the siege of Mannheim
Vere’s desperate position
Chichester sends Nethersole to James to explain the state of affairs
Chapter XLII.
The Mission of Endymion Porter.
Festivities at New Hall
Buckingham joins the war party
Character of the Prince of Wales
The Prince’s promise to visit Madrid
Gondomar hopes to effect his conversion
Proposed mission of Porter
Philip to be summoned to restore the towns in the Palatinate
James writes to the Pope
Spanish professions
Porter leaves England
Buckingham proposes another Benevolence
A Spanish fleet in the Channel
Olivares becomes chief minister in Spain upon Zuñiga’s death
Character of Olivares
Bristol confident of success
The fall of Heidelberg known in Spain
The Spanish Government uses strong language to the Emperor
Recall of Chichester
Porter at Madrid
Bristol’s demands about the Palatinate
The position becomes untenable
Fall of Mannheim
The Infanta Isabella refuses to relieve Frankenthal
Character of the Infanta Maria
Her resistance to the marriage
Philip writes to Olivares to break off the marriage treaty
New policy of Olivares
The marriage articles amended and sent to Rome
Bristol recommends the adoption of the amended articles
James accepts them
He asks that Frankenthal may be sequestered in the hands of the Infanta Isabella
The Lutheran clergy expelled from Bohemia
Mansfeld’s proceedings in East Friesland
Frederick returns to the Hague
Frederick’s letter to the Elector of Saxony
Meeting of the Assembly at Ratisbon
Transference of the Electorate to Maximilian
James proposes to Frederick the sequestration of Frankenthal
Frederick begs him to go to war
Settlement of the East India disputes
James’s religious and commercial policy
Buckingham prepares to fetch home the Infanta
Conway Secretary of State
James’s outlook