History of England, Vol. VI.
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History of England, Vol. VI.
1625–1629
Samuel
Rawson
Gardiner
This document is in the public domain.
Table of Contents
Note on the Text
Chapter LV.
The Expedition to Cadiz.
Buckingham’s intentions
Breach of the engagements between Louis XIII. and the Huguenots
Determination of Charles to send out the fleet
The Queen at Titchfield
Rusdorf’s diplomacy
The Treaty of Southampton
Buckingham to go to the Hague
The Essex trained bands at Harwich
Death of Sir A. Morton — Sir J. Coke Secretary
Sir E. Cecil appointed to command the expedition against Spain
He reports on the deficiencies of the troops
The King and Buckingham at Plymouth
The fleet driven back by a storm
It puts to sea
Arrives at Cadiz
Attack on Fort Puntal
Surrender of the fort
Cecil’s march to the bridge
Failure of the expedition
The look-out for the Mexico fleet
Return of the fleet to England
No serious investigation into the causes of failure
Chapter LVI.
Charles’s Relations with France.
Buckingham’s intention to visit France
Objections of Louis
Buckingham’s instructions
Blainville’s interview with Charles
His visit to Buckingham
The Peers of the Opposition
Dismissal of Williams
Coventry Lord Keeper
The Opposition leaders of the Commons made sheriffs
The Dunkirk privateers
Buckingham visits the Hague and proposes to attack Dunkirk
The Congress of the Hague
Treaty of the Hague
Prospect of war with France
Difficulties about the Queen’s household
Embassy of Holland and Carleton
Difficulties about the law of prize
Sequestration of the money on board the French prizes
Orders given for the sale of prize goods
Blainville protests
Reprisals in France followed by an order for the restitution of the ‘St. Peter’
Irritation of Louis
Charles determines to relieve Rochelle
The prize goods sold
The ‘St. Peter’ re-arrested
Interference of Charles in French politics
The Queen refuses to be crowned
Charles’s coronation
Negotiation between Louis and the Huguenots
An agreement come to
The Huguenots look to Charles for support
Richelieu proposes to join England against Spain
Charles rejects his overtures
Fresh dispute between Charles and the Queen
Blainville ordered to absent himself from Court
Chapter LVII.
The Leadership of Sir John Eliot in the Second Parliament of Charles I.
Opening of Parliament
Eliot’s position in the House
He demands inquiry into past mismanagement
Laud’s sermon
The conference on Montague’s books
Case of the ‘St. Peter’ of Havre de Grace
Release of the ship and reprisals in France
Inquiry in the House of Commons
State of feeling in the House of Lords
Fresh overtures from Richelieu
The riot at Durham House
The marriage of Lord Maltravers
Arundel sent to the Tower
The Commons wish to inquire into the proceedings of the council of war
The councillors refuse to reply
Charles supports them in their refusal
Dr. Turner’s queries
Charles defends his minister
Question of ministerial responsibility
Eliot counsels the Commons to persist
Eliot’s speech against Buckingham
Charles refuses to accept the doctrine of ministerial responsibility
Coventry’s declaration of the King’s pleasure
Buckingham’s vindication of his proceedings
Remonstrance of the Commons
The Commons are allowed to proceed with their inquiry into Buckingham’s conduct
They vote that common fame is a good ground for their action
The French Government favours the English alliance
Charles throws obstacles in the way of an agreement
Blainville leaves England
Treaty between France and Spain — End of the French alliance
Chapter LVIII.
The Impeachment of the Duke of Buckingham.
The House of Lords demands Arundel’s liberation
Bristol’s confinement at Sherborne
He is forbidden to come to Parliament
Petitions the Lords for his writ, comes to London and accuses Buckingham
Is accused by the King
Interference of the King in Buckingham’s favour
Buckingham impeached by the Commons
Prologue by Digges
Charges brought against Buckingham
Eliot’s summing up
Buckingham compared to Sejanus
Charles’s indignation
He replies to the Lords’ demand for Arundel’s liberation
Imprisonment of Eliot and Digges
Carleton threatens the House with the danger of Parliaments falling into disuse
Digges cleared by the House of Lords
Digges released, but Eliot kept in prison
The Commons suspend their sittings
Eliot released
Bristol’s case before the Lords
Liberation of Arundel
Buckingham elected Chancellor of Cambridge University
The King demands supply
The Commons decide that remonstrance must precede supply
They demand Buckingham’s dismissal
Parliament dissolved
Chapter LIX.
The Rupture With France.
Proclamation for the peace of the Church
Buckingham’s case to be tried in the Star Chamber
The Parliamentary managers refuse to countenance the trial
The City refuses to lend money
Demand of a free gift from the counties
Dismissal of justices of the peace
Wentworth’s character and political position
Nature of his opposition
His overtures to Buckingham
His dismissal from office
The free gift refused in the counties
Ships demanded from the maritime counties
Willoughby’s fleet at Portsmouth
Disagreement between Charles and the Queen
The Queen at Tyburn
Dismissal of the Queen’s French attendants
Proposal to debase the coin
Defeat of Mansfeld and Christian IV.
Bassompierre’s mission
Capture of French prizes
The forced loan
Sequestration of Eliot’s Vice-Admiralty
Buckingham proposes to go to France
Seizure of the wine fleet at Bordeaux
Buckingham prepares to go as ambassador to France
Prospects of the loan
Resistance of the judges — Dismissal of Chief Justice Crew
Resistance spreading in the country
Pennington ordered to attack French ships at Havre
But finds no ships there
Mutiny in Pennington’s fleet
Partial success of the loan
Growing resistance to it
The chief opponents summoned before the Council
Resistance of Hampden, Eliot, and Wentworth
Charles looks forward to a war with France
Pennington’s attack upon the French shipping
Negotiations opened with Spain
Interviews between Rubens and Gerbier
Alarm of the Dutch ambassador
Agreement between France and Spain
Progress of the war in Germany
Morgan takes four regiments to the Elbe
Chapter LX.
The Expedition to Rhé.
Walter Montague’s mission
Preparations for the relief of Rochelle
Buckingham’s instructions
Sailing of the fleet
Buckingham’s landing in the Isle of Rhé
Marches to St. Martin’s
Lukewarmness of the Rochellese
Commencement of the siege of St. Martin’s
The siege converted into a blockade
Need of reinforcements
Eagerness of the King to support Buckingham
Difficulties of the Exchequer
Becher carries a few recruits to Rhé
Death of Sir John Borough
Supplies introduced into St. Martin’s
Buckingham resolves to carry on the siege
Holland expected with reinforcements
Rohan’s insurrection meets with no general support
Failure of the negotiation with Spain
Christian IV. overpowered
Misery in Morgan’s regiments
Seizure of a French ship in the Texel
English feeling against Buckingham
Delays in Holland’s sailing
The King’s anxiety
Holland is unable to leave
Disorganisation of the Government
The King constant to Buckingham
Gloomy prospects of the force at Rhé
Landing of the French on the island
Buckingham attempts to storm the fort
The retreat from St. Martin’s
Slaughter of the English
Re-embarkation of the troops
Buckingham’s part in the disaster
Chapter LXI.
Prerogative Government in Church and State.
Buckingham’s reception in England
Increased resistance to the loan
Ecclesiastical parties
Laud’s royalism
Sibthorpe’s sermon on Apostolic Obedience
Abbot sent into confinement for refusing to license it
Manwaring’s sermons on Religion and Allegiance
Manwaring’s theory of government
Eliot’s petition from the Gatehouse
Five knights demand a
habeas corpus
Arguments in the King’s Bench on behalf of the five knights
Heath’s argument for the Crown
The prisoners remanded
The sailors ready to mutiny
Bad conduct of the billeted soldiers
Schemes for raising money
Charles and Buckingham resolve to carry on the war
Excise proposed in the Council
A standing force proposed
German horse sent for
Abandonment of the proposed excise
The prisoners released and Parliament summoned
Ship-money demanded and then abandoned
Commission to inquire how excise can be levied
Bad state of Denbigh’s fleet
The elections
Chapter LXII.
The Parliamentary Leadership of Sir Thomas Wentworth.
Laud’s sermon
Opening of the session
Coke’s Imprisonment Bill
Seymour and Eliot on grievances
Wentworth’s demand
Comparison between Wentworth and Eliot
Secretary Coke acknowledges that the law has been broken
The Jesuits at Clerkenwell
Secretary Coke tries to frighten the Commons
Debate on the liberty of the subject
Sir E. Coke’s statement of the law
The Commons’ resolution against unparliamentary taxation
Nethersole’s argument from political expediency
The legal argument
Controversy between Coke and Shilton
Anderson’s judgment produced
The Commons’ resolutions on imprisonment
Debate on supply
Debate on billeting
Question of pressing men for the army
Five subsidies voted in committee, but not reported
Wentworth proposes a Bill on the liberties of the subject
The King pleased at the vote of supply
Arguments before the Lords on the resolutions
Further discussion on billeting
A Good Friday’s debate on martial law
The Lords incline towards the King
The Commons refuse to proceed further with supply
Debate in the Upper House on the resolutions
The Lords’ propositions
Criticism of the Commons
Noy and Wentworth for a
Habeas Corpus
Act
Coventry declares that the King’s word must be taken
The Commons order the preparation of a Bill on the liberty of the subject
The Bill brought in by Coke
Wentworth proposes a Bill of his own
The King rejects Wentworth’s terms
Wentworth’s appeal to the King
Coke’s proposal
End of Wentworth’s leadership
Chapter LXIII.
The Petition of Right.
Dissatisfaction of the House
Coke proposes a Petition of Right
The Petition of Right brought in
The Petition before the Lords
The King’s defence of his claim to imprison without showing cause
The Lords attempt to mediate
Clause proposed by Williams
Clause prepared by Arundel and Weston adopted
The clause rejected by the Commons
The Lords try to explain away the clause
The Commons persist in rejecting it
Wentworth proposes a further accommodation
Eliot’s rejoinder
Wentworth’s reply
The Commons decide against Wentworth
Fresh proposal by the Lords
Buckingham opposes it
The Lords give way
The petition passes both Houses
The surrender of Stade
Denbigh’s failure to relieve Rochelle
Resolution of Charles to make another effort
Charles hesitates about the petition
Questions the judges
Consults the Council
Answer agreed on
Worthlessness of the answer
Eliot’s resolution
His speech on the state of the nation
A Remonstrance proposed
The King tries to stop it
Distress of the House
Phelips proposes to ask leave to go home
Eliot stopped by the Speaker
Coke attacks Buckingham by name
Selden moves that the impeachment be renewed
Intervention of the Lords
Charles draws back
The Lords ask for a answer to the petition
Charles gives the Royal assent to the Petition of Right
Chapter LXIV.
Remonstrance and Prorogation.
The petition compared with Magna Carta
Impeachment of Manwaring
Pym’s declaration of principle
Subsidies voted and the Remonstrance proceeded with
The Remonstrance voted
Charles will not give up Buckingham
Murder of Dr. Lambe
The King’s answer to the Remonstrance
Buckingham seeks to meet the charges against him
Debate on tonnage and poundage
Remonstrance on tonnage and poundage
The King’s speech
Parliament prorogued
Was tonnage and poundage included in the Petition of Right?
Ecclesiastical promotions
Buckingham’s foreign policy
Carlisle’s mission
Prospects of peace with France and Spain
Changes in the Government
Wentworth’s peerage
Expectations held out to him of the Presidentship of the North
Wentworth’s political position
Chapter LXV.
The Assassination of the Duke of Buckingham.
Lady Buckingham’s overtures to Williams
Reconciliation between Buckingham and Williams
Influence of Carleton over Buckingham
Buckingham surrenders the Cinque Ports
Resistance of Rochelle
Buckingham prepares to relieve it
He welcomes Contarini’s offer of Venetian mediation
The King hesitates
Forebodings of evil
Mutiny at Portsmouth
Murder of the Duke by Felton
Seizure of the assassin
Story of Felton
His popularity
Townley’s verses
Alexander Gill at Oxford
Buckingham’s funeral
His career
Felton threatened with the rack
His execution
Charles personally undertakes the government
Character and position of Weston
Lindsey takes the fleet to the relief of Rochelle
Failure of the attempt
Montague’s negotiation
Mission of Rosencrantz
Influence of the Queen
Charles rejects the terms offered
Orders Lindsey to persevere
Surrender of Rochelle
Charles’s failure
A Spanish alliance suggested by Carlisle
Arundel and Cottington in the Council
Dorchester becomes Secretary
The Council agrees to negotiate with France
Feeling of the nation about the war
Dutch successes
End of the war period